Gum Problems

No doubt, you've heard some of these terms: plaque, tartar, calculus, gingivitis, periodontitis, pyorrhea, periodontal disease, gum disease. But what does it all mean?

Quite simply, gum disease (periodontal disease) starts when plaque and tartar (calculus) are allowed to accumulate at the base of your teeth. The bacteria in the plaque leads to an infection in the gums (or gingiva) called gingivitis. Left untreated, the infection spreads to the tissue and bone that holds your teeth in place, a condition called periodontitis (or pyorrhea). Because of the bacterial infection associated with periodontitis, tooth abscesses are also common.

Healthy gums and bone	This patient has periodontitis: notice the bone deterioration and uneven level of gums

What are the signs of gum disease?
Gum disease is rarely painful, at least not in the early stages. Some of the common signs of gum disease are:

• Gums that bleed when you brush or floss (healthy gums will not bleed)
• Gums that are red, swollen, or tender
• Gums that have pulled away from the teeth (receded)
• Pus (infection) between the teeth and gums
• Loose permanent teeth or separating (drifting) teeth
• Changes in the way your teeth fit together when chewing
• Persistent bad breath

Is there a cure?
You can never really "cure" advanced gum disease. Even though modern technological breakthroughs allow us to regenerate some bone and tissue, some of the damage cannot be reversed. Gum treatments can often be used to treat and control even advanced cases of periodontitis (pyorrhea), but the more advanced the disease, the more likely it will lead to tooth loss. prevention and early detection are your best defenses against gum disease. It is critical to catch and treat gum disease early because the destruction of bone and tissue cannot be completely reversed.

How can I prevent gum disease?
The best “brushers” in the world will naturally build up tartar on their teeth. Even patients with “healthy” gums and teeth should see their dentist regularly to remove the build-up of tartar and check for the formation of new cavities. Patients with gum disease, or patients who build up large amounts of tartar, may need to have their teeth cleaned frequently to help control the amount of bacteria in the mouth. At your regular check-ups and cleaning appointments, we always evaluate the condition of your gums.

A thorough examination, which includes x-rays as well as visual inspection, together with an analysis of hard and soft tissue, helps determine the health of your gums.